Who has lawmaking authority in Colorado?

The Tenth Amendment to the Constitution of the United States determines that “The powers not delegated to the United States by the constitution, nor prohibited by it to the states, are reserved to the states respectively, or to the people.” From that starting point,...

Bills don’t read like stories

In simple terms, a bill is a collection of words and numbers on paper. Each bill that is introduced during a Colorado legislative session proposes to add words and/or numbers to current Colorado statute, remove words and/or numbers from current Colorado statute, or...

Deny Quorum: Shut down the process

During 2021, Democratic members of the Texas state Senate, who were in the Minority, were able to shut down their legislative process by denying quorum to the Majority, which was held by Republicans. That tactic was also used by Republican members of the Oregon state...

The Rule of 33, 18 & 1: Simple Majority Control

Article V, Section 45 of the Colorado Constitution states, “The general assembly shall consist of not more than thirty-five members of the senate and not more than sixty-five members of the house of representatives, one to be elected from each senatorial and each...

Governor Appointments and Senate Confirmations

The President of the United States appoints members of his/her cabinet, justices of the Supreme Court, and other persons to various roles in the federal government. Such appointments may require confirmation by the United States Senate.  The Governor of Colorado...

The State of the State Address

During the first few days of each annual general session, members of the Colorado General Assembly are entitled to attend a joint session of the legislature to hear the “State of the State” address from governor. It is an opportunity for the public and...